Astrotourism in BRICS countries

Preserving Dark & Quiet SkiesPreserving Dark & Quiet Skies

The sky, our common and universal heritage, has been integral to human culture and scientific exploration for centuries. It provides a window to the universe, enabling discoveries that expand our understanding of the universe. However, increasing light pollution threatens this vital resource, making dark skies an increasingly rare commodity. Recognizing this challenge, the Declaration in Defence of the Night Sky and the Right to Starlight (2007) asserts that “an unpolluted night sky that allows the enjoyment and contemplation of the firmament should be considered an inalienable right of humankind equivalent to all other environmental, social, and cultural rights.”

Astronomy relies on pristine, dark skies to study celestial objects and phenomena. Light pollution, caused by excessive and misdirected artificial lighting, obscures our view of the night sky, hindering astronomical observations. Ground-based observatories, particularly those in remote locations, depend on minimal light interference to detect faint signals from distant galaxies, stars, and exoplanets. In the context of BRICS Astronomy, where international collaboration is key to advancing scientific research, the preservation of dark sky sites is paramount. The vast landscapes and low-density populations in many global South regions offer some of the world’s best locations for astronomy. Protecting these areas from light pollution ensures that they remain valuable assets for both scientific research and technological innovation.

Astrotourism as a Growing Economic and Educational Opportunity

Dark skies are not only crucial for professional astronomy but also serve as a catalyst for astrotourism, a rapidly growing sector that combines travel with astronomical observation. Astrotourism offers unique experiences such as stargazing tours, observatory visits, and astronomical events, attracting visitors from around the world. For BRICS nations, astrotourism presents an opportunity to promote sustainable economic growth while fostering public engagement in science.  The International Astronomical Union’s Office of Astronomy for Development, together with a number of international partners, has identified a model for the development of local communities around an astronomical facility, such as an observatory. Benefits could include job creation through astronomy-related tourism, education programmes, the development or training of specific skills within a community, stimulation of local innovation, and activities that may draw youth away from negative or harmful pursuits. The specific implementation is context-specific, but close collaboration between the astronomy facility, local community, and government is key to sustainability. 

To combat light pollution and protect our celestial heritage, concerted efforts are needed from governments, local communities, and international organizations. Policy measures such as responsible outdoor lighting practices, dark sky reserves, and public awareness campaigns can make a significant difference. BRICS Astronomy, alongside other global stakeholders, is committed to advocating for dark sky preservation as part of a broader mission to advance scientific knowledge and societal benefits. Preserving dark skies is not just about protecting the view of the stars, it is about maintaining a vital resource for scientific discovery, economic development, and cultural enrichment. As we look to the future, safeguarding our celestial heritage will ensure that generations to come can continue to explore, learn, and be inspired by the wonders of the universe. 

Astrotourism Initiatives in the BRICS countries